Internal-combustion engine.



H. DOCK.

INTERNAL Comsuszoh: EMME.

AFPUCATIDN min Auchz's. 1912.

APPLSCATION HLED AUG.23, 1912.

KU 1A OU 1l oo: IL L nu.. .A d e LIU n e #b a D...

7 SHBETS-SHEBT 2.

H. BUCK.

HSTERNA. SMBUSTION ENGINE.

,-xPPucATmN min Aurais, 1912.

Lpatente Apr. 13, w15.

H. OCl WTERNM. *SGMBUSUGN ENGINE. APPLecATaoN min Au'unza. m2.

Apr. 1 3, 1915l Patent@ S-S HEBT 4.

www, INTERNAL CGH''BUSTON ENGKNE. APPLICTIDN FILU) M1613. 1912.

Patented. Api, E8, Q.

7 SHEETS-SHEET fffzf www@ www@ H. DOCK {NTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGME.

APPLICATION Patented. Apr. 13, 1915.

7 SHEETS-SHEET' 7.

' grecs.

angle of only about 30. The continued rotation of the shaft past-an angle .of

` -causes the cylinder to reverse its direction of oscillation, and to oscillate in a clockwise direction, as shown by the arrow in Fig. 4, until an angle of about 165? is reached, the valve and its port 16, which is considerably longer than the cylinder-port 15, remaining practically stationary during thisperiod. The direction of oscillation ofthe intake valve 17 then begins to reverse, causing this valve to close and the intake passage be-V tween the cylinder and casing to be quickly closed, since the cylinder-head and valve are again ruiming in opposite directions, the closure taking place after the main shaft has rotated through an angle of about 200 de- `While the intake passage is open, fuel is supplied to cylinder 2; and upon the closing of valve 17, and return stroke of the' piston, Fig. 5, the gases in the cylinder are compressed. The cylinder continues to oscillate in a clockwise direction until an angle.

of about 27 0O is reached, after which its direction of oscillation is reversed to contraclockwise, the direction of oscillation of exhaust valve 23 also changing. The direction ot oscillation at the completion of the, second stroke is shown by the arrows in Fig. 6; all lvalves remaining closed.

The intake valve 17, exhaust valve 23, and the cylinder-head, all oscillate about the same axis, but not always in the, same direction, nor with the same velocity. These valves 17 and 23 are, as will appear from Figs. 11 and 12, portions of cylinders having the same axis as and embracing the transverse cylinder-head 2 see Figs. 9 and 10). The valves have on their outer pe,- ripheries lugs 32, 32", in which are pivoted links 31, 31", journaled at theiry lower ends on cranks 30a, 30", respectively carried by shafts 33a, 33h. These shafts arerotated by' stroke, Fig. 6, the fuel mixture is exploded by a spark from the spark-.plug 26, Fig. 2, the explosiondriving Vthe piston forward, the cylinder oscillating as shown by the arrows, and the valves remaining closed.

On reaching the position shown in Fig. 7, after `a rotationof 160 on the third stroke, the energy of the exploded gases will have been expended andthe exhaust valve 23will begin to open, the cylinder and valve now moving in opposite directions, and will be fully opened when an angle of 200.o is reached. From this point, the gases will be completely exhausted by the return stroke of the piston; the direction of oscillation'of the cylinder-head and exhaust valve changing at the position shown in Fig. 8; the direction of movement of `the intake valve .be-

ing shown 'by the arrow. The exhaust valve commences .to close when an angle of rotation of 335 is reached, at which time the of the cylinder, and ,serve as a. journal in ,which the cylinder may oscillate, as above jdescribed. The valves are supported upon and journaled Within the upper casing 20,

the latter having openings 18 and 24 connecting with intake and exhaust pipes 119 and 25, respectively.; In the intake valve' is an opening or port 16 connecting the intake openingl in the cylinder with intake opening 18 in the casing. Similarly, in the exhaust valve an opening or port- 22 connects i exhaust opening 21 in the cylinderwith exf haust openi'ng 24- in the casing.

loo

valves, andv those in the valves shorter than the openings in the casing; and that-the directions 'of movement of the oscillating cylinder-head with vreference to the oscillating valve are so timed that when either of the ports 15 or 21 have been fully opened that.

structed for a long period. In the particular instance shown, this period extends 'through 135 forthe admission and 140o for the exhaust. o

Instead of the valves resting on the surface of the bore of the casing, as shown, the y casing may be recessed enough to incase the valvs, so that the inner surfaces/of the valv s and casing are flush, both surfaces serving the Journal for the cylinder; or

the valves may be made tubular, a part there-- ot' completely encircling the extremities of the cylinder-head, and be placed side by that the engine is running,

Vthe intalreyalve at 7,

et an angle-of G".

an angle of 335 .masses side, having their respective openings in their relative positions; or the valves may be superimposed,one valve oscillating within the othery and the cylinder-head within the innervalve; the openings being properly located. All of the above modifications or motions are considered to be within the scope of this invention and claims.

The cylinderv is .provided with a waterjacliet il, as shown; the outer wall 10 thereof serving as the working surface of the` transverse cylinder-head, in the journal.` Circulation of Water is provided for by suitable sliding openings, or by flexible tubes connected to the oscillating cylinder,V at l2 and 13.

Fig. i3 shows diagrammatically the positions of, and extent of, o )enings in the valves during the several stro es. Assuming then, in the position shown in Fig. l, the exhaust valve is almost closed, and the piston is about to begin a down-stroke; a rotation or 5 of arc past the vertical closes the exhaust valve; all openings are entirely closed for the next two degrees; connection is then made with full opening being obtained after the shaft' has rotated through 3Go.' The intake-passa e remains fully open and admits fuel to te cylinder' until an angle of about i` is reached, after which the intake valve closes, and is entirely closed The piston now enters upon its second stroke, the compressionstroke, during which the mixed air and fuel are compressed until the-liring stage is reached, which occurs durin an interval at the end of the second stro ie and beginning of the third stroke. The gases are exploded during the tiring stage, and the piston travels on its third stroke (second revolution) until an angle of when the exhaust valve begins to open, and is fully open at 200", remaining open until is reached, when it begins to close: during stroke. the exploded gases are removed from the cylinder, the latter is cleaned to receive :fresh fuel. and the exhaust Valve closes, as shown in Fig. 1. l

The angles of opening and closing of the valves, and theI interval during which they `inay remain open and closed7 may be varied i im diiferent types of engines to meet dili'eri spirit of my ent conditions,V Without departing from the invention.

:instead of using separate admission and exhaust Valves, a single Valve, to which is imparted the propennariations in direction and speed of oscillation` maybe provided, and 'the use of asingle oscillating valve in combination with an oscillating cylinder, is

within the scopeof my invention.

While I have chosen to illustratemy ini vention, as applied to a four-cycle engine, I

160 is reached this return-stroke, the fourth desire it to be understood that it is equally applicable to engines of the two-cycle type, in which casca single valve only is used, the period of oscillation of the valve and cylinder then corresponding with each revolution of the crank-shaft.

In Fig. l5 is shown a modified form of cylinder-head. rllh'e cylinder, instead of being closed at the top, as in Fig. 2, is provided with an opening a., and the spark-plug 26 is "located at the top of the casing. By this arrangement the -pressure of the explosion will be exerted against the casing, instead of against the inside of the cylinder-head. The pressure being taken of? the cylinder, the valves will move more readily.

y l claim:

l l. In an internal-combustion engine, the combination of an oscillating cylinder having a portion thereof journaled within an oscillating valve, a piston, and a shaft haying a crank to which said piston is connected, said cylinder oscillating about an axis parallel to the axis of the shaft.

2. In un internal-combustion engine, the combination oi an oscillating cylinder hai'-V ing a portion thereof journaled Withinl independently oscillating intake and exhaust valves.

3. in un internal-combustion engine, the combination of a casing having intuire and exhaust'openings. a cylinder', an oscillating valve between the casing and cylinder, adapted to open and close said openings, a biston. anda shaft having a crank to which said.' piston is connected, said cylinder oscillating about an axis parallel to the axis of the shaft..

l. In an internal-coinbustion engine. the combination of a casing serving as a journal, a valve adapted to oscillate about the coininon axis y'ithinfsaid journal and an oscillatini;t cylinder haring a transverse cylindrical head Nithin the valve and oscillating upon the axis of said oscillating valve said valve being journaled between the casing and cylinder head.

45. In an internal-combustion engine, the

combination of independently oscillating valves journaled within a casing, and oscillating cylinder and piston, said valves serving as a Journal for said cylinder, means to oscillate the valves, and means to supply fuel to and exhaust gases from said cylinder.

7. In an internal-combustion engine, thecoinbination or a casing adapted to serve as a gournal, a valse concentric therewith and a valve within and a cylinder having` valve and cylinder arranged to oscillate journaled therein, a cylinder having a transverse head concentric with said valve and casing and Journaled in said valve, vsaid within said casing, and meansl to supply fuel to said cylinder.

" .8. In an internal-combustion engine, the' combination of an oscillating valve, an oscil.- lating cylinder having an end concentric to and Journaled Within said valve, a reciprocating piston in said cylinder, and a shaft one end journaled Within said valve and arranged to oscillate therein, a reciprocating piston, and a shaft having a crank, said piston being journaled directly to said crank. 10.-In an internal-combustion engine, the combination of a casing, oscillating valves, and an oscillating cylinder, said valves concentric to and between said casing and cylinder, and common means for separately oscillatingv said cylinderand valves.

11. In an internal-combustion engine, the combination of a transversely losciilating cylinder having an intake opening,.an oscillating valve having anA opening therein, a casing having an opening forv supplying fuel, the cylinder, valve and casing concentric to each other, means for causingthe said openings to quickly open and register atone Vpart of an oscillation and to quickly close at another part of an oscillation, a piston. and a shaft having a crankto which said piston is connected, said cylinder oscillating about an axis parallel to the axis of'the shaft. y

12. In .an internal-combustion engine, the

' Icombination of a transversely' oscillating cylinder'having an exhaust opening, an os-.

cillating `valve having an' opening therein,

a casing having an openi g for exhaust' gases, the cylinder, valve i d casing 'concentric to each other, means Ifor causing the said openings" to quickly open and register at one part o'fan oscillation :ind to quickly close at another part of an. oscillatioin'a piston, and' a shaft having a fzran'k to vwhich" said piston is connected, saidv cylinder oscillating about an axis parallel to'the'axis of 13, ,In an internal-combustion engine, the combination. of a transversely oscillating cylinder having an intake opening, an oscil lating valve having an opening therein, a

i a casing inclosing said valve and cylinder and having au opening therein for supplying fuel, means for causing theV openings in the cylinder, valve aiid'casiiig to communicatel and form a passage for the supply of -Fuel diiringa considerable poi-tion of the oscillation, a piston, and a shaft having a crank to which said piston is connected, .said c'ylinoscillating about an niemals der oscillating about an Taxis parallel to the ing a crank to which said piston is con-4 nected, said cylinder oscillating about an `axis parallel to the axis of the shaft.

A1.5. In an internal-combustion engine, the combination of a casing having an intake opening, said casing adapted toiserve as a journal,v a valve concentric'therewith and Journaled therein and having an opening, a cylinder having a part-'concentric with 4said valve and casing and Vjournaled in said vvalve and havin an'` intake opening, said Yalve and. cylin er arranged to`oscil1ate about a transverse -axis'ivithin said casing,`.

meansfor causin the openings in said casing, valve andcy indei to coinmunicateand 'forni' a passage to admit fuel to the cylinder, a piston,a and a shaft having a crank to which said piston is connected, said cylinder g axis parallel to the axis of the shaft. v o

16. In an internal-combustion engine, the combination oir'v a casing having an exhaust opening, said casing serving as a' journal, a valve'concentric therewith and` journaled therein and' having an opening, a' cylinder having a part concentric ivith said valve and casing and journalediiiA said valve and 'having an exhaust opening, said valve and cylinder ari'anged'to oscil-late about a transverse axis Within' said casing, means Vfor. causing thevopening's in said casing, valve and cylinder to communicate and form an exhaust passage for the gases Within the cylinder, a' piston, and a shaft having a crankto which said pistonfis connected, said cylfinderv oscillating aboutzan 'axis' parallel to the axis of the shaft.. f

17.` In an internal-cmbu tion engi'ne,'.tiie

combination of an--oscillating cylinder having a transverse cylinder-beeldend having an intake opening, a i'eciprocatingpiston in said cylinder, a shaft having a .crank connected to said pistonfan oscillatingfvalvc whose axisof rotation vcoincides with the axis of 'said cylinder-head, and "operated fromsaid shaft, an opening in s aid valvefa casing concentric to said valve andlhaving an opening for supplying fuel, aiid meansT for causing the openingslin rtlrecylinder,A valve'and casing to communicate -quickly and to form a continuous passage 'for the fuel, to maintain the passage for a consideret f ica

messes an exhensv opening, a. reciprocating pissen in sein; cylinder, e,- sheft having acrani ccnnecetl te seid piston, en oscillating Valve Whose axis of rotation coincides with the ,agis of seni cylinder-heed, ancl opemeci A from seid shet, an opening in said valve, a

casing concentric ie seid valve and having an opening oi exhaust gases, and means for causing the openings in the cylinder, vulve :incl casing; in communicate quickly :incl to form e een'inncns passage ier fthe exhaust gases, te maintain' the passage for a considerable pcifticn of she oscillation, and to quickly interrupt seid passage after ehe gases are removed.

19. In en inteinni-coinbnsiion engine, the combinatien of oscillating veives serving es e journal, an independentlyI oscillating cylincler snppcted Within snici oscillating valves, e easing seri/ing as e, journal for said oscillating VeiVeS, seinh easing, miv-es an cylinder each having in'eke and en hause openings, saisi intake openings minne ed 'to form e passage (hiring e per-', ef one oscillation, and seid' exhenssopenings adapted te form passa-ge inning n peri, ci e dii'eieni:v oscillaicn.

2G. In an intei'nal-eombnsien engine, the combination of 'e casing edapzed to serve ves e, journal-bcn, valves cenceni'sic Wish seici casing end jenrneled eheein, e cylinder having a peri: ccnceneric with seid valves and casing, scifi wives enci cylinciei ed to csciliete Wiighin seni casing, seici eesing snel cylineiei eachy having inleiend exhaust npenings, one Valige having inlet opening, encher valve having an exheiise opening, and. ineens-foi" causing lie intake openings ic regisner and forni e continuons passage for 'fuel ges when the exhaust opening is. closed, and for causing the exhaust openings te register and form n continuons4 exhans passage when the intake ness-ege is closed.

2l.. in zin inernslenihnstien engine, en Gscillsting valve eti oscillating cyiin iciccnceniiic e?, one enel 'vi/*ish seid Valve, zi reciprocating piston Within seid cylinc er,

" n spa-ri: ping csii'ied by said cylinder, e

crank-Sheff@ seicl piston jcinnalecl ciiiecfzly on seid ei'eni-sheft, whereby the i'onticn ci saisi she'fi. Cliiecly csciiiees snif?. cylinei, end ineens connececi se seid shei't for oscillating; senil veine.

22. ifn en iniernei-ccrnhustien engine, the ceinisineiicn of e piston, e eranl-shzift, ene enz ci seid 'piston jeuinaled cn seid cmnljshait, e cylinder for seid.i piston and adapted to oscillate, valve serving as e journal for said cylinder, and eflapted to independently oscillate, e casing serving as a journal. for said valves, and means sei",1`

ing as intake and exhaust passages between.

said cylinder and the casing.

23. In an 1ni3einel-combnsti0n engine, *the cinbinaeicn ci a casing' having an' intekeopening, an oscillating valve having en opening, en oscillaing cylinder having an intake opening, said casing inclosing seid cyiinder and 1valve, a piseen, seid openings adapted te form e passage, sind means foi maintaining seid openings in full communiceien for a peiiod appioxiinetely equal in the Werking stioie of -he piston.

24. ln en inteinal-ccmhustien engine, ehe cemhinnticn of e easing having en exhaust opening, .an pscillating velve heving en opening, en cscilising eylinfien having an exhaust opening, said casing inelosing seid cylinder and velve, ey pieken, seid openings ade-pied te ei'm passage ineens ei mn'inaining seid cpenings in nli coninnnicetion for s peried eppi'efzimaieiy agnelli to the?, of ine return stecke of elle pisen.

25; in en internel-ccnbnssicn engine, the ecnibinetien with en escillzising cylinder having ports, of ccncenricnlly esciiieting valves heving pants longe? than he cylinder ports, e casing hei/'ing pcifs iengei than the valve pcits, and ineens oi oscillating the cylinder and Valves.

in en internel-eomhusiicn engine, the combination Wiih e trnnsveieeiy oscillating cylinez having ports, of cscilie-ing valves he parte, ineens crcensingseici cylinder and valves se esciileee in oppes'tecliieciens (iniing she closing and @peeing mcveinens said veli/es, pisen, and sha fi. having a einl i@ which sei pisen is cennected, seid cyiinflei csciiieliig. ehcns exis pezellel in the anis ci' the sie.

in en inteinni-ecnihusicn engine, the

ec'nieineien with en oscillating cylindez` having inie' end exhaust pelis, ef concen-4 tiiceily cseilie'sing valves having inlet enel enhense ports, pison cscilleting Wit cyiinfiei, e shsifi, conneciefl ic seid, pison ansi ineens ccnneced to seifl shef'i; 01 censing seid inici, peis and eihnns peres te suceessiveiy iegis'ei during one revolution of said shzi nnri for prev/Y ing heir' registering during ighe next rei'ciu'cien ci" seid shaftn in testimony wheres? l slib: my signa ture in piesence cf info winesses,

HRB'UJT UOCK. Winesses CLARENCE l. Recife, Flossen C. A. Emmen.

Correction in Letters Patent No. 1,135,365.

It is hereby certified that in Letters Patent No. 1,135,365, granted April 13,

. 1915, upon the application of Herman Dock, of Westerly, Rhode" Island,or an improvement in Internal-Combustion Engines, an error aaippeers in the printed specification requiring correction as follows: Page 5, line 65, Aclaim 22, for the word valve read valves; and that the said Letters Patent should be redl with this correction therein that the same may conform to the rec'ordof the caser-in the Patent Office.

Signed and sealed this 21st day of September, A. D., 1915.

. [SEAL] J. T: NEWT,

Acting commissioner of Patents. 

